APA Annotated Bibliography on Elderly Development

Schulz, J. H. (2002). The evolving concept of “retirement”: Looking forward to the year 2050. International Social Security Review, 55(1), 85-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-246x.00116

The journal article, written by Schulz (2002) is concentrated on the evolving concept of retirement. His work was published in the journal of International Social Security Review, which is considered a highly credible source. According to the article, rather than the demography of the population, the status of economic growth will be the main determinant of future retirement. The article implies that the understanding and concept of the retirement have been gradually evolved within the last years, and now there is a huge trend of “rolling back” previous retirement gains such as no work at all after a certain age. More specifically, the traditional concept of retirement refers to the fact that retired people work a lot before their retirement age, and they do not work at all when they reach their retirement. In other words, the simplistic view of “let’s do all the work before the retirement and not work after” has drastically evolved in the last decades. Upon a conceptual change in retirement, we can readily observe part-time work, or “citizen participation”. Furthermore, we may expect an older workforce who participate in different branches of society in the upcoming years.

Briefly, the article claims that the concept of retirement will change to the extent that there will always be work for elderly people in future, and the concept of retirement will change. Although the article supports its claim with reasonable examples and logical deduction by highlighting the current economic trends such as the constant growth of population, I believe this change will not be applicable in many developed countries. That is, authorities should create employment areas, when there is already unemployment, even in many the most developed nations such as the U.K., the U.S., and Germany. After all, although the claims are given in logical order, I do not believe that such a shift in the concept of elderly working will happen in future.

Negrusa, B., & Oreffice, S. (2011). Sexual orientation and household financial decisions: Evidence from couples in the United States. Review of Economics of the Household, 9(4), 445-463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-011-9122-9

The article, written by Negrusa & Oreffice (2011), focuses on sexual orientation and household financial decisions by analyzing the evidence from couples in the United States. The article was published in the journal of Review of Economics of the Household, which is a quite reliable source. The paper is quite empirical as the authors analyzed the actual empirical data by using 2000 Census data. They also estimated the payment of cohabiting heterosexuals to save. According to the article, lesbian couples tend to pay higher annual mortgages in terms of house value when compared with their married counterparts. In this direction, the authors correlated this with “homosexual-specific differential to homeowners’ propensity to save. Subsequently, the data and correlation suggest that low fertility and precautionary motives result in increased saving compared to married couples. Similarly, the authors analyzed the evidence from social security income and retirement of older couples and found the same pattern by cohabiting and sexual orientation.

In short, the article is concentrated on financial decisions of elderly and correlation with the sexual orientation. Upon reading the article, I would like to highlight that the article seems more credible when compared with the previous one, as it counts highly on empirical data and analysis. In this sense, I have found the article quite useful to understand the financial tendencies of couples during their work life and retirement.

Fastame, M. C., Penna, M. P., & Rossetti, E. S. (2014). Perceived cognitive efficiency and subjective well-being in late adulthood: The impact of developmental factors. Journal of Adult Development, 21(3), 173-180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9189-7

The article, written by Fastame et al. (2014), is concentrated on the perceived cognitive efficiency and subjective well-being in late adulthood and the impact of developmental factors. The authors highlight that the current literature exhibits cross-cultural differences when it comes to differences in ageing. Accordingly, old people are seen as weak and obsolete in Western cultures. However, eastern cultures believe that elderly people are the source of knowledge and valuable in terms of their experiences. In this direction, they investigated “the effect of age-related factors affecting self-referent well-being in the Italian population.” The study was empirical, and 139 adults were recruited. Participants of the study were subjected to a set of tests, including strategies, personal satisfaction, and psychological distress scale. Although participants from Sardinia showed better well-being and less psychological distress, participants from the Old group showed more strategies for coping stress, than the Very Old group, according to age categories. Authors try to highlight their findings by highlighting the sociocultural contexts between different age and culture groups.

Zebrowitz, L. A., & Montepare, J. M. (2018). Integrating social psychology and ageing research: Toward a social-developmental theory of behaviour. Special Issue: The Social Psychology of Aging, 259-261. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203764879-12

The authors have focused on integrating social psychology and ageing research. In this sense, the extent of understanding of ageing and the extent of socio-psychological theories have been investigated. Accordingly, the authors argue that social psychological theories result in a critical balance to accounts of ageing. Also, they claim that applying social-psychological theories to the state of ageing will eventually result in the greater good for both individuals and society. After all, the authors have presented several methodological suggestions for future scholars. They believe that integrating ageing research and social psychology will create social development theories that are useful for older people and society.

Robison, S. G., Kurosky, S. K., Young, C. M., Gallia, C. A., & Arbor, S. A. (2010). Immunization milestones: A more comprehensive picture of age-appropriate vaccination. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2010, 1-10.

The research, written by Robison et al. (2010), concentrates on the immunization milestones. In this sense, the study has combined milestone analysis with data to come up with medical encounters. Accordingly, “milestone analysis measures immunization status at key times between birth and age 2, when recommended immunizations first become late.” In this direction, the authors has investigated the Oregon Health Plan across milestone ages. According to findings, the children eventually have age-appropriate immunizations over time.

Cichero, J. A. (2016). Unlocking opportunities in food design for infants, children, and the elderly: Understanding milestones in chewing and swallowing across the lifespan for new innovations. Journal of Texture Studies, 48(4), 271-279. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12236

Cichero (2016) focuses on unlocking opportunities in food designs for children, infants, and the elderly. The research initially highlights the beneficence of intake of a variety of foods. They believe that many foods can even trigger a decrease in stress hormones in the human body. According to the article, with ageing, individuals may encounter problems related to saliva production and getting a taste from a variety of foods. Accordingly, they believe that there are new food design opportunities in the areas of dissolvable solids and microencapsulation.